为开发的一个信息管理系统从以前试运行的开发机器上(Windows NT + IIS4.0 + Access)迁移至一台真正的Linux服务器上(Apache1.3.12 + PHP 4.03 + MySQL 3.23.26),其中数据库中的几十个表的内容迁移,开始让我小费了一些周折,从网上也下载了一些MySqL的客户软件或是数据库管理软件,写得较好的软件均有数据迁移功能,但其迁移方式不外乎两种,一种是采用文件引入方式,此种方式在处理数据库中有和分隔符相同的字符时,会产生错误,尤其是在处理ACCESS中的Memo字段,很容易出错,最后导致导出后的数据不是多了就是少了。而另一种支持ODBC直接导入的功能较强,基本可无错误地导入各个表的内容,但很遗憾,这必须是建立在ACCESS中表格的字段是英文是才可以,如在ACCESS中字段是中文名,一般也出错,不能成功导入。
  
为此我只好花了点时间写了两个小程序,用于将ACCESS数据库的内容向MySQL迁移,经使用,效果还不错,特在此写出奉献给各位一试或评判。

先概述一下使用方法:
1,将ACCESS的数据库建立一个"system DSN";
2,根据ACCESS数据库中各表的名称,在MySQL中建立相应的各个空表;
3,运行fdlist.php;
4,运行import.php;
5,每运行一次3,4步可迁移一个表,然后修改fdlist.php中的ACCESS源表名和MySQL中的目标表名,再运行3,4步,直至迁移所有的表。
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以下为 fdlist.php源程序
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<?  
$dbconnection = @mysql_connect("yourmysqlserver", "mysqlaccount", "mysqlpassword") or die ("can not connect to database server");
@mysql_select_db("yourdatabase") or die("No Database,");
$odbc_table = "youroriginaltable";  // The original table name in your ODBC database
$mysql_table = "yournewtable";    // The new table name in your Mysql Database.
?>
  
Fields List of Two tables
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<?
$conn = odbc_connect("task","","");
$odbc_query = "select * from ".$odbc_table." where 1=2";
$recordsid = odbc_exec($conn,$odbc_query);
$idcounts = odbc_num_fields($recordsid);
$fdlist1 = "";
for($i = 1;$i <= $idcounts;$i++)
$fdlist1 .= odbc_field_name($recordsid,$i).",";
echo "Fd1 = ".$fdlist1;
$fdlist1 = substr($fdlist1,0,strlen($fdlist1)-1);
$fdlist2 = "";
$sqlquery = "select * from " . $mysql_table . " where 1=2 ";
$records2 = mysql_query ($sqlquery);
$idcount2 = mysql_num_fields($records2);
for($i = 0 ;$i < $idcount2;$i++)
$fdlist2 .= mysql_field_name($records2,$i ).",";
echo "FD2 = " . $fdlist2;
$fdlist2 = substr($fdlist2,0,strlen($fdlist2)-1);
$fp = fopen ("fdlist.txt","w");
fwrite ($fp,$ctable);
fwrite ($fp,"n");
fwrite ($fp,$fdlist1);
fwrite ($fp,"n");
fwrite ($fp,$etable);
fwrite ($fp,"n");
fwrite ($fp,$fdlist2);
fclose($fp);
odbc_close($conn);
if($idcount2 != $idcounts){
 echo "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------"."The fields of two tables doesn't match";
 echo "ODBC_table Fields = " . $idcounts;
 echo "MySQL_table Fields = " . $idcount2;
}
?>

<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
body,td,li,div,p,pre,a,b,h1,h2,h3,h4 {font-family:verdana;font-size:9pt;line-height : 18px;color:#a00000 } 
</style>
</head>

<body bgcolor="#f0f0f0" topmargin="0" leftmargin="0" text="#a00000">
<div style="font-size:24pt;font-family:times;font-weight:bold;color:#008000">ODBC --> MySQL Migrant</div>
<hr size="1" color="#900000">
<?
$dbconnection = @mysql_connect("yourmysqlserver", "mysqlaccount", "mysqlpassword") or die ("can not connect to database server");
@mysql_select_db("yourdatabase") or die("<p style='font-size:9pt;font-family:verdana;color:#803333;font-weight:bold'>No Database,</p>");
$conn = odbc_connect("task", "", "");
$fp = fopen ("fdlist.txt","r") ;
$table1 = fgets($fp,200);
$fd1 = fgets($fp,1024) ;
$table2 = fgets($fp,200);
$fd2 = fgets($fp,1024) ;
$query1 = "select ".$fd1." from ".$table1;
$query2 = "select ".$fd2." from ".$table2." where 1=2 ";
$result = mysql_query($query2);
mysql_query("delete from ".$table2);
echo "sql=". $query1;
$recordsid = odbc_exec($conn,$query1);
$idcounts = odbc_num_fields($recordsid);
$idcount2 = mysql_num_fields($result);
if($idcounts != $idcount2) die(" The fields of two tables doesn't match ");
echo "<table width=90% border=1 bordercolorlight=#000000 bordercolordark=#ffffff cellpadding=3 cellspacing=0>n";
echo "<tr align=center><td>n";
for($i = 1; $i <= $idcounts;$i++)
echo "n<td>".odbc_field_name($recordsid,$i);
$theno = 1;
echo "<tr>n";
while(odbc_fetch_row($recordsid)){
 $runsql = "insert into ".$table2."(".$fd2.") values (";
 for($i = 1;$i <= $idcounts;$i++){
  $fdv = odbc_result($recordsid,$i);
  if( mysql_field_type($result,$i-1) == "string") {
   $runsql .= "'".$fdv."',";
  }
  else {
   $runsql .= $fdv. "," ;
  }
 }
 $runsql = substr($runsql,0,strlen($runsql)-1);
 $runsql .= ")";
 mysql_query($runsql);
 $theno++;
}
echo "Total Convert : ".$theno--;
odbc_close($conn);
?>
</body>
</html>
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  有经验的网友可能看了两个小程序,可能觉得如在ACCESS数据库中各表的字段是英文的话,fdlist.php有点多余,其实在这里,我的本意是在迁移时,可以很方便地删除某些不用的字段,只要将fdlist.php的生成文件fdlist.txt中对应的字段Delete掉即可。还算是很方便的,反正,有了这两个小程序,我以前放在ACCESS中的几十个表格的数据,二十分钟全部迁移完毕,包括对其中四、五个表格字段的修改。
  
  当然,虽然两个程序达到了我预定的功能,但要将其扩展为所有人可用其将ODBC数据库迁移至MySQL数据库,且使用更加方便一些,还有一些方面可以改进,如根据ODBC表格的结构自动建立MySQL表格,如不能建立,给出一步一步用户建立表格的向导功能;检测源表和目的表格数据类型的差异...等等